Wednesday, July 28, 2021

On Body and Soul (Teströl és lélekröl)











 


























Director Ildikó Enyedi


Actress Alexandra Borbély

The director (center) with her primary cast












 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ON BODY AND SOUL (Teströl és lélekröl)                        C+                                               Hungary  (116 mi)  2017  d: Ildikó Enyedi

A film that falls into the Yorgos Lanthimos The Killing of a Sacred Deer (2017) syndrome, overhyped and overpraised from the arthouse circuit, yet dreadfully disappointing when actually viewed, never living up to expectations, preposterous in parts, overly contrived and graphically cruel, intentionally making sure explicit scenes of raw and unedited violence are seen, including actual slaughterhouse scenes of sheer brutality, including blood-soaked and mechanized decapitation, where a crudely simplistic Hungarian romance or love story turns into a nefarious medical experiment gone wrong, yet somehow it wins the Golden Bear at the Berlin Film Festival, while also winning the FIPRESCI Prize and the Ecumenical Jury Prize, and becoming Hungary’s official nominee in the Best Foreign Language Film category, actually making the cut into the final five.  Largely overshadowed by other headline-grabbing films, Sebastián Lelio’s A Fantastic Woman (Una Mujer Fantástica) (2017), the ultimate winner, allowing a trans actress to play a trans character onscreen, the pretentiously overwrought exercise in audience manipulation in Ruben Östlund’s The Square (2017), winner of the Palme D’or at Cannes, and Andrei Zvyagintzev’s mesmerizing  2018 Top Ten List #4 Loveless (Nelyubov) (2017), an indictment of corruption and an all-out assault on the state of tyranny in Russia.  The director’s first film in 18 years, eloquently shot by Máté Herbai, it devises its own logical constraints, remaining low-key and distant throughout, immersed in its own state of aloofness, creating a dreamlike atmosphere that has its own spectacular life under the surface, showing a male stag and a female doe linked together in complete natural harmony in a wintry forest covered with snow, where an expression of natural purity stands in stark contrast to the penned animals being butchered in the slaughterhouse and the mundane ennui we see taking place on the surface.  That’s at least an interesting set-up, because Hungary has such a rich tradition of folk tales, but it’s the setting that’s disturbing, a local slaughterhouse, where there’s a blasé indifference to the animals, even in the way its filmed, as there is meticulous detail shown in the gruesome aspects of the job.  The workers aren’t an enlightened group, lacking individuality, followers of systematic routine, poking fun at anyone who’s different, even showing outright contempt, revealing a cruel prejudice to their everyday existence, which may simply reflect ordinary working class views.  What stands out is the casual air of indifference, as they’re simply not bothered by what they do and never question how they think, as there’s an ingrained perception of narrow-minded conformity that defines who they are collectively as a society, a disturbing normality that might actually help explain how Hungarians so easily became Nazi sympathizers. 

As if in response to this character flaw, the story centers upon two damaged characters, neither one of whom falls into the category of typical movie leads, as they simply defy classification.  Endre (Géza Morcsányi, in real-life the director of the biggest literary publishing house in Hungary) is the older financial director of a Budapest slaughterhouse, exuding melancholy or sadness, partially disabled by a crippled arm, while Mária (Alexandra Borbély) is the new quality control inspector, young, blond, and attractive, yet painfully shy and socially inept, naïve and childishly innocent, averse to all physical contact, yet with a photographic memory, showing signs of autism, teased relentlessly by the workers (and laughed at by audiences, unfortunately), as she refuses to socialize with them.  Not only are they both introverts, they are wounded souls who may never heal from their obvious deficiencies, routinely seen alone at home, where they are each defined by their relentless loneliness.  Countering that impression is Sanyi (Ervin Nagy, Borbély’s real-life partner), an overly macho new hire who brags about feeling at ease with killing animals, showing no remorse whatsoever, which he thinks is a needed skill for the job, though Endre thinks that could actually present a problem.  His biggest friend and confident is the overly anxious head of Human Relations, Jenő (Zoltán Schneider), whose oversexed wife (Zsuzsa Járó) has seemingly slept with every man at the plant (including Endre), always giving excuses for coming home late, basically inversing the power dynamic in their marriage, as Jenő is forced to do the shopping and look after the kids.  One particular early scene stands out, with Endre in his office, becoming distracted, looking out the window where he sees Mária standing below avoiding the others, situated behind a pillar, avoiding the sunlight, receding into the shadows, where she just happens to look up and see Endre looking at her, causing her to retreat even further.  A scandalous incident occurs, requiring a police call, as a small quantity of mating powder has been stolen from the premises, where low level police corruption is the norm, as choice cuts of meat are immediately handed over to the investigating officer, bringing in a police psychiatrist Klára (Réka Tenki) to interview the entire staff, asking extremely personal questions, hoping to get to the bottom of it.  In a riff on sexual stereotypes, she turns out to be extremely sensuous, shapely and attractive, catching everyone off-guard with the candor of her questions, which are sexually obsessed.  Thinking they are playing a joke on her, she brings in both Mária and Endre after their initial interviews, as they are each having the exact same dream about two deer frolicking around a small lake in the woods, quickly discarding their testimony as blatantly falsified, yet the two of them are stunned to realize such an amazing coincidence.    

What follows is a shared secret that only grows in significance, as each continues to have identical dreams about each other in deer form, never really leading to copulation, just a sense of undisputed closeness.  It’s an awkward situation that plagues each of them, growing even more apparent in social settings that are repeated throughout the film, where Mária is always alone, never eating lunch with anyone, preferring to be by herself, yet suddenly the two are having lunch together, often seen through glass windows, revealing odd or refracted reflections, drawing eyes from everyone else, though he’s old enough to be her father.  Their initial interest is more surprise than anything else, as a morose sadness pervades an overwhelming emptiness in their lives, yet the exotic richness of their dreams gives them life, growing serious, taking an interest in the peculiarly developing inner life that connects them both, not really knowing what to do with it, feeling estranged from their own feelings.  In an amusing twist, Mária transfers actual conversations with Endre into role playing sessions at home, acted out with salt and pepper shakers or Lego dolls, assuming both roles, but exaggerating the male voice inflections, like creating her own cartoon universe.  Mária revisits her child therapist (Tamás Jordán), feeling comfortable speaking to him, not really interested in pursuing matters further with an adult psychiatrist, but certainly her curiosity is piqued, acting out in strange ways, blurting out things she would never ordinarily say.  Their lives are filled with heightened moments, expressing an intensity they’ve never really experienced before, remaining distant and apart, yet consumed by the other in a mythically developing subconscious relationship taking place entirely below the surface.  Very few films actually confront autism head-on, where patients have difficulty identifying and understanding what other people feel, yet they don’t dismiss what they fail to understand, they are simply stymied by it.  The animal dream sequences, mixed together with slaughterhouse images, comprise the first half, where the two worlds collide, creating obvious friction, with the dreams adding a rare delicacy to what we experience, but that’s less emphasized later in the film, as the two attempt to navigate something resembling an actual relationship, becoming more conventional, bridging the gulf of desperate loneliness, but Mária keeps hitting a wall, unnerved by what she can’t understand.  When her therapist suggests music as a way to “feel” outside her private reserve, the first selection she chooses is hard corps death metal music, yet she doesn’t even flinch, showing no emotion whatsoever, yet it’s a starkly humorous contrast.  When a record store clerk suggests something she prefers, more of a defiantly sad love song that veers into forbidden fruit territory, it leads her into a strange, new world, Laura Marling - What He Wrote / OST Testről és lélekről (Music video) YouTube (4:08), spiraling into a danger zone of horrors, where all appears lost, before miraculously being thrust out of the doldrums and into the light, as confoundingly weird as could possibly be imagined, where the convergence from mythical to reality is utterly preposterous.  This is a film where shock value passes for drama, showing little interest in building and sustaining emotional tension, becoming completely one-sided as Mária is clinically objectified, dissected, and examined like a specimen under a microscope, requiring a Kafkaesque metamorphosis.  Not for the faint of heart, or anyone who takes autism seriously, as this is more of a clinical fairy tale. 

Saturday, July 24, 2021

Lost and Beautiful (Bella e perduta)







 











Director Pietro Marcello












LOST AND BEAUTIFUL (Bella e perduta)             B                                                              Italy  France  (87 mi)  2015  d:  Pietro Marcello

Dreams and fables, although imaginary, should tell the truth.                                               —Sarchiapone (Elio Germano)

Winner of two awards at the Locarno Film Festival, including a Junior Jury Award and an Ecumenical Jury Prize, this is an overly somber, life cycle, changing seasons film that becomes embellished, resorting to fantasy, reconstructed into a montage essay revolving around the subject of death, where the life of a local shepherd, Tommaso Cestrone, becomes intertwined with a newborn buffalo calf in the Campania farmlands of Southern Italy.  While ostensibly a documentary on the life of Tommaso, something of a local hero when he voluntarily takes it upon himself to inhabit and resuscitate the abandoned royal estate of Carditello, an 18th century palace once used as a royal hunting lodge, belonging to the Neapolitan Bourbon Monarchy, which combined the kingdoms of Sicily with Naples.  Both were overthrown by Giuseppe Garibaldi in 1860, where the castle would fall into disuse after the unification of Italy, when it was left to the local head of the camorra, a crime syndicate, initially using it as a stash house before neglecting the property, which became used as a refuse center, overrun by garbage and junk, gradually stripped of its interior fixtures over time, occupied by both German and American troops during the war, left in a state of degradation and decay, reacquired by the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage in 2014.   Yet it was Tommaso who became something of a local legend, standing up to the threats and intimidation from the camorra, where locals (enjoying the protection) take to the streets with placards reading “The Camorra is honest!  The State steals money!” singlehandedly preserving the grounds and dedicating himself to this thankless task of cleanup and restoration.  When Tommaso died inexplicably late in 2013 during the middle of the shoot, Marcello altered his vision, turning this into a metaphysical exercise that combines Italian myth with mortality, creating a replacement character borrowed from the commedia dell’arte from 17th century theater where a masked Pulcinella character (Sergio Vitolo), is raised from the dead in order to communicate with the living, immediately taking Tommaso’s place.  His first order of business is rescuing an unwanted buffalo calf that Tommaso rescued from the side of the road, where strangely and mysteriously, the animal (Sarchiapone) has the power of voice (Elio Germano), becoming an observing prescient figure and part of the narrative thread, literally taking on a life of its own, describing his inner thoughts and feelings, revealing the story of his life, yet only Pulcinella can hear and understand him, viewers as well, giving him an existential presence, turning this into a strange and exotic tale, Excerpt from Bella e Perduta (2015) by Pietro Marcello YouTube (3:44).  Shot on a budget of €470,000, using expired 16mm film stock, while regularly intermixing archival footage, there is a darkened and degraded look to this film, shot by Salvatore Landi and the director himself, given a neorealist look accented by dream language and theater of the absurd, also given compelling 18th and 19th century musical themes from Caterllieri and Donizetto in Antonio Casimir Caterllieri (1772-1807) - Adagio pastorale for ... YouTube (5:32) and Donizetto’s Clarinet Concerto in B-Flat Major: Andante sostenuto  YouTube (4:10), and an early 20th century work from Respighi, Andrea Cappelletti "Concerto all`antica" Respighi (2. Mov ... YouTube (8:49), adding a pastoral grace to what we see. 

In the same vein as Bresson’s Au Hasard Balthazar (1966) or Michelangelo Frammartino’s Le Quattro Volte (The Four Times) (2010), though not nearly as transcendentally poetic or sublime, this oddly stylized road movie has a harder edge to it, particularly the opening scene subjectively taking place in a slaughterhouse, and can be difficult to watch, where the Pulcinella character is not nearly as affable or as engaging as the original Tommaso, who is mostly spoken of in the past tense, revered by one and all, viewed in death with compassion as a patron saint, calling him the Angel of Carditello.  Arguably the sequence of the film expresses his passing, announced and narrated by Sarchiapone, showing us Tommaso’s wedding photo before solemnly asking, “How long is a life?  It’s like the sheltered rest of a traveler along the road.”  With a final look straight at the camera, he is given a powerful sendoff, beautifully captured by a haunting song of death sung by the immortal voice of Italian tenor Giuseppe di Stefano, Giuseppe di Stefano. Fenesta ca lucive. (Cottrau) YouTube (2:47), which literally sends chills down your spine in its transfixing effect, mixed with political street protests of the missing or dead girls and women killed by the camorra, followed by serene and bucolic views of a once beautiful countryside under siege from fires, known as Terra dei Fuochi (Land of Fires), where the camorra notoriously burn illegal trash fires, releasing illegally buried toxic industrial waste into the atmosphere, with garbage lining deserted city streets, (The Camorra and the garbage racket in the 'Land of Fires ...), leading back to an empty and abandoned palace, which serves as his tomb, with horses running or grazing peacefully outside on the lawn.  Pulcinella assumes the mission of saving the calf, leading him out of the region that would only slaughter him, having no other use for a male calf.  As they wander the countryside, they come upon a farm owned by a brother and sister, allowing him to rest his calf while offering him a room upstairs, which they completely avoid since the passing of their parents, claiming they will live and die in this same farmhouse.  In a mysterious dream sequence of a herd of buffalos out in the wild, a single bull is separated and paraded in the streets, taunted and teased with by a drunken crowd that takes extraordinary pleasure in humiliating and eventually dominating the animal, calling into question our human relationship with animals, viewed as beasts or secondary creatures that exist only for man’s benefits, having no soul of their own.  As somber organ music plays, Scarlatti - Sonata K. 109 in D minor - Gerard van Reenen YouTube (9:00), this film suggests otherwise, with Sarchiapone’s narration challenging the pompous arrogance of mankind, offering itself as an example of a sentient creature, capable of viewing its own life in context to the world around him, including being subject to routine dehumanizing techniques, which are not lost on this creature.  Accordingly, there are multiple images of herds of buffalo occupying the landscape, living in complete harmony with nature, co-habiting on the planet in peace, where there’s a wonderful scene of buffalos wandering into the sea, all in unison, as the waves simply wash over them to the calming, pastoral music of Lekeu’s Ophélie, V.22, 2e version (Seconde étude symphonique) YouTube (9:31).   

The film title comes from a line from Va, pensiero (chorus of Hebrew slaves) in Verdi’s Nabucco, “O my homeland, so beautiful and lost,” Verdi: Nabucco / Act 3 - "Va', pensiero, sull'ali dorate" - YouTube 4:24), which may as well be an anthem for the nation.  However, the film is loosely based on the writings of Guido Piovene, an ardent fascist in his youth who grew to appreciate Marxism, who wrote highly subjective, self-evaluation travel books that examined human nature and the force of traditions while emphasizing the moral predicament of mankind, where common themes exhibited are the absence of personal responsibility in modern man, egotism, passivity, with a growing despair over the submerged transience of all traditional values, public and private, believing a writer is tasked with “the memory of the world,” where his artistic reach concerned the mythical as well.  In his 1970 novel, Le Stelle Fredde (The Cold Stars), which won the Strega Prize, the most prestigious Italian literary award, the novelist Dostoyevsky returns from the afterlife to carry on a series of remarkable conversations.  Perhaps even more ambitious than his other remarkable films, The Mouth of the Wolf (La bocca del lupo) (2009) and 2020 Top Ten List #1 Martin Eden, this lacks the grabbing immediacy and natural beauty of those films while attempting something that is entirely unique.  But it feels jumbled and chaotic, on significantly murkier grounds, never transparently clear or understood, yet all his films are an assessment of 20th century Italy, making a closer inspection of the land here, observing peasants who wish to throw away the chains of servitude, embodied by a farm animal with a visible conscience, as we hear him philosophize about his plight on earth, imagining a world without humans, finally escaping the laws of man, even dreaming of living on a distant star where humans sprout wings and fly out to mythical celestial lands.  According to the director, “Carditello is the symbol of a lost beauty and the struggle of an individual, an orphan who refuses to surrender to a rotten mechanism of destruction and decay.  And at the same time this story, deeply rooted in our country’s history, examines a subject which has never been so universal:  the relationship between man and nature.”  After wandering through a “lost and beautiful” countryside filled with forests and streams, with suggestions that Italy has lost connection with its pastoral roots, showing a blatant exploitation and disrespect for nature, they venture to Tuscia and come upon an irascible soul, Gesuino (Gesuino Pittalis), an oversized giant of a man who apparently lives in a cave while also tending to his sheep.  Gesuino introduces Pulcinella to a Tree of Death and a magical pond that allows him to remove his mask and change back into human form, but when he does, he loses his ability to communicate with Sarchiapone, who is suddenly viewed as nothing special, just another animal, where Gesuino leaves him with a local farmer who eventually ships him off to the slaughterhouse.  Despite the promise of so much more, allowing a glimpse into an idyllic rural world governed by the seasons, where nature and man coexist peacefully, humans being who and what they are, Sarchiapone ultimately must resign himself to his own fate, which is extremely difficult to watch, returning back to the opening scene, making an eloquent plea, “Despite everything, I’m proud of being a buffalo.  In a world that denies we have a soul, being a buffalo is an art.”  Even while offering what amounts to a cow’s lens, having his own unique vantage point, the film never plays out like a fairy tale, more like a tragedy, which seems to suggest we all need to liberate ourselves from the slavery of ignorance.