Inherent Vice

INHERENT VICE          B-                

USA  (148 mi)  2014  d:  Paul Thomas Anderson         Official site

He is everything.  He must be a complete man and a common man and yet an unusual man.  He must be, to use a rather weathered phrase, a man of honor…He is a relatively poor man, or he would not be a detective at all.  He is a common man, or he could not go among common people.  He has a sense of character, or he would not know his job.  He will take no man’s money dishonestly and no man’s insolence without a due and dispassionate revenge.  He is a lonely man and his pride is that you will treat him as a proud man or be very sorry you ever saw him. . . . The story is his adventure in search of a hidden truth, and it would be no adventure if it did not happen to a man fit for adventure.

—Raymond Chandler essay, The Simple Art of Murder, 1944

Stoner silliness?  Is that enough for most movie audiences today?  David Gordon Green made a slip into these kinds of lame, air-headed pot movies with mixed results, as he discovered an entirely new mainstream audience that was willing to pay for the laughs while alienating his hard corps art film admirers who had been with him since the beginning.  Green, who created the prototype of American indie films with George Washington (2000) and ALL THE REAL GIRLS (2003) has returned to his roots of late, but not until after making a cash killing in Hollywood with the commercially successful PINEAPPLE EXPRESS (2008).  Enter Paul Thomas Anderson, a heralded American director of some repute who has dazzled audiences with the likes of Magnolia (1999) and There Will Be Blood (2007), but has also disappointed many of his own followers with the rambling vacuousness of The Master (2012), a film that plunges over the edge into nothing of real significance, where there’s barely a hint of human drama holding our attention, yet it’s filmed in an epic style.  INHERENT VICE is a $20 – 30 million dollar picture (including an expensive awards campaign) that has barely generated $8 million dollars at the box office and garnered only two Oscar nominations, for writer/director Anderson in the Best Adapted Screenplay and also Best Costume Design.  All of Anderson’s pictures have moments of brilliance, where even if they tend to alienate the audience, a criticism of all his recent efforts, they are exceptionally well made and look positively terrific on the screen.  Adapted from the 2009 Thomas Pynchon novel of the same name, Anderson probably deserves special recognition for turning this seemingly impossible to film book into a motion picture, as nobody has turned a Pynchon book into a movie before, where he started working on a script in December 2010 while still working on The Master, developing several variations through a series of scripts, playing around with the idea of the narrator.  When the novel was released, one of the shortest and quickest written over the course of his entire career, it was advertised by the publisher as “part-noir, part-psychedelic romp, all Thomas Pynchon—private eye Doc Sportello comes, occasionally, out of a marijuana haze to watch the end of an era as free love slips away and paranoia creeps in with the L.A. fog.” 

The free wheeling, drug-oriented style of the movie, which features more onscreen pot smoking since the Cheech & Chong movies of the 70’s and 80’s, but the zany irreverence expressed throughout is closer to John Carpenter’s Big Trouble in Little China (1986), where the wisecracking and always quotable Kurt Russell is replaced by the counterculture world of residential pothead Joaquin Phoenix, the constantly high, smart aleck private investigator Larry “Doc” Sportello living in the South Bay area of Los Angeles County in the 1970’s, where he seems defined by the expression, “What I lack in al-titude, I make up for in at-titude.”   Immersed in a world where he’s the center of a 40’s style, hard-boiled detective story, it feels like most of the film is taking place in the pot-induced fantasies of his head, where the wish fulfillment aspect is everpresent, as Doc is constantly in demand, for some reason, even by startlingly attractive ladies, though his inability to take anything seriously and his perpetual disinterest in the lives of others seems to define his warped aura of self-obsession and delusion.  Nonetheless, certainly part of the fun is just getting to know the Southern California landscape, where just the list of the character’s names feels like they could easily have been stolen from a Fu Manchu B-movie, and indeed the Chinese underworld, as expressed by a vast and secretive organization known as the Golden Fang, figures prominently here, where their reach spreads everywhere, into every dark corner of the film.  When Doc attempts to warn someone that “This is the Golden Fang you’re about to rip off here, man,” he’s startled by the dismissive nature of the reply, “That’s according to your own delusional system.”  What’s real and what isn’t?—it hardly matters in this sprawling universe of pop culture references, where Doc is a healthy mix of “The Dude” from the Coen brothers’ The Big Lebowski (1998) and Elliot Gould’s reinvented “Marlowe” from Raymond Chandler’s The Long Goodbye (1973), Robert Altman’s subversive 70’s update of the conventional 40’s film noir.  Anderson’s drug-fueled detective story features psychedelic music and the grainy cinematography of Robert Elswit, who has shot every one of Anderson’s films, luring the audience into the near wordless, atmospheric mood with the extraordinary opening mix of CAN - Vitamin C - YouTube (3:32) and Can-Soup (Full Song) - YouTube (9:21).

Both hilarious and at times confounding, the film takes place in the fictional setting of Gordita Beach, a stand-in for Manhattan Beach, where Pynchon most likely lived in the late 60’s and early 70’s, lying on the south end of the Santa Monica Bay.  In 1970, Nixon’s in the White House, Ronald Reagan is Governor of California, while Charles Manson and his Helter Skelter cult of stoned-out groupies are about to go on trial for their hideous exhibition of mass murder.  Whatever lingering hopes might be left over from the peace and love generation of the 60’s have been brutally repressed by a crush of demonstrations, the arrests, killings, and near extinction of the Black Panther Party, a prolonged war overseas in Vietnam, and the prevalence of a law and order police state in Los Angeles. While the plot machinations are ridiculously circuitous, keeping the audience wondering just who Doc is working for, as he continues to get hired even while still working his previous cases, where the intertwining activity is simply off the charts and too much to keep up with, taking a page out of THE BIG SLEEP (1946), notorious for offering one of the most incomprehensible plots, as Doc just gets deeper and deeper into some big shit.  It all begins with the arrival of an ex-girlfriend Shasta (Katherine Waterston), Inherent Vice - 'Shasta Fay' [HD (1:07), currently having an affair with a high profile real estate developer Mickey Wolfmann (Eric Roberts), mostly seen on stupid-as-hell ads shown continuously on TV.  Word has it that Mickey’s British wife Sloane Wolfmann (Serena Scott Thomas) is having an affair of her own with international playboy-of-the-month Riggs Warbling (Andrew Simpson), where both have designs of scamming Mickey out of his money by having him committed to a mental asylum.  Meanwhile, local Black Nationalist Tariq Kahl (Michael Kenneth Williams) wants to hire Doc to recover money owed to him by one of Mickey’s white supremacist bodyguards, Glen Charlock (Christopher Allen Nelson), in some unfinished business that goes back when both were in prison together.  When Mickey goes missing (along with Shasta) and Charlock ends up dead, his body laying next to Doc who wakes up after being knocked out cold, that makes him the principal suspect on the case, where he has to explain himself to Lieutenant Detective Christian F. “Bigfoot” Bjornsen (Josh Brolin), described by the narrator as “SAG member, John Wayne walk, flat top of Flintstone proportions and that evil, little shit-twinkle in his eye that says Civil Rights Violations,” Doc’s right-wing, conservative counterpart on the LAPD, Inherent Vice "what's exactly the beef here" scene - YouTube (1:05), the man chiefly responsible for some serious police harassment, bad vibes and a cloud of paranoia hovering over Doc wherever he goes.  And if this was not enough, Doc is hired yet again by Hope Harlington (Jena Malone), a former heroin addict who wants her husband back, Coy (Owen Wilson), a sax player who feigned his death to avoid insurmountable debts, where a mysterious payment received “after” his death leads her to believe he is still alive. 

At two and a half hours, the screwball comedy of stoner noir is an unending labyrinth of joint smoking, wrong turns, near misses, and dumbfounding jokes and visual gags, but as long as the film is heading somewhere, following the neverending myriad of clues, an open-minded audience is willing to play along.  Perhaps the most peculiar variation from the novel is the use of a side character as the narrator, Sortilège (Joanna Newsom), who barely figures in the story, but always seems to be around Doc’s residence on the beach, like an alternate consciousness that makes sure he’s all right.  Not only does she appear to have an all-knowing and omniscient eye, but a direct line to the author as well, as she continually speaks his voice.  While it sounds like a kind of updated hipster slang from Raymond Chandler, it’s curious that Doc and Elliot Gould as Marlowe both end up peeking into the private grounds of an upscale sanitarium in search of their missing men.  Both detectives make their best attempts to solve the unraveling mystery, but even with insider help from the District Attorney’s office from an old flame Penny Kimball (Reese Witherspoon), Inherent Vice I wanted to see if you were free for dinner scene (47 seconds), it all remains wrapped in a mystery, where there’s no nice and tidy conclusion, which makes it a lengthy journey for little to no payoff.  The entire film feels like a lead-up to a signature event, always leading to this expected crescendo, after which it’s mostly a let down.  Shasta returns from out of the fog and somehow rekindles whatever’s left of their distant love affair.  While it’s blown up into giant-sized close ups, the tone of the entire film changes, as does the seriousness of the music, becoming overly symphonic and dramatically downbeat, while up until then the music had been nothing but playful and enjoyable.  By the time it winds down, however, there’s an overall impression that nothing throughout the entire film has been learned or taken seriously, as if that is emblematic of the stoner experience, where it’s not the destination but the journey that matters. (“What a long, strange trip it’s been.”)  For many that will be enough, kind of an updated and reinvented version of Easy Rider (1969) and Two-Lane Blacktop (1971), counterculture films that took us to the end of the road and left us there.  Defining films for a morally divided generation, both were significant as drifter road movies that expressed a general aimlessness of the times, where the music was the message, and they were powerful indictments of a fed-up dissatisfaction with the broken dreams of 60’s aspirations, the corruption of moral authority, and the co-opting of the American Dream.  INHERENT VICE is an adrenaline-laced, sarcastic sneer at a mixed up society of diametrically opposed values that is on the verge of losing its bearings and visibly crumbling to its feet, within a few years of actually kicking out a President, turning into a long, wayward adventure that meanders through the heart of recognizable cultural signposts and ends in a listless waft of smoke, becoming a drifting love story that doesn’t really matter at all, as the audience doesn’t care about the love angle or any of the sketchy and mostly undeveloped characters, where a Paul Thomas Anderson film once again makes a grand entrance with a fancy build-up before fading into the nothingness of The Master, where many may feel let down by the existential pointlessness of it all. 

Steve Jobs

STEVE JOBS                B       
USA  (122 mi)  2015  ‘Scope  d:  Danny Boyle         Official Website

It’s life’s illusions I recall.
I really don’t know life at all. 

—Joni Mitchell, “Both Sides Now,” 1969, Joni Mitchell - Both Sides, Now [Original Studio Version ... YouTube (4:30)

Who knew Bob Dylan was a driving force behind the popularization of the computer on the Internet?   But if you watch this film Dylan and Steve Jobs are interconnected forces striving for social change.  Michael Fassbender may have been saner wearing a cartoon, papier-mâché head in 2014 Top Ten List #10 Frank , a film where music literally masks his mad obsessions and personal psychoses.  But as Steve Jobs, the overcontrolling, egomaniacal force behind an as yet undiscovered corporate product, demanding all the credit himself, though it remains unclear what it is exactly that he does do other than tyrannically browbeat everyone associated with his product while viciously undermining and demeaning the efforts of all others involved, placing himself center stage in his own Barnum & Bailey circus act, billed as “the greatest show on earth,” where he’s certain his innovations will revolutionize the way the world operates.  Who, other than himself, knew this would actually happen?  Curiously, as written by Aaron Sorkin, adapting Walter Isaacson’s book by the same name in 2011 (released 19 days after Jobs’ death), the film contrasts his enormous ambition with this swelled notion of what he would become, accentuating the abysmal failures of his first two product launchings, the first Macintosh computer in 1984 and the neXT “black cube” in 1988, not exactly humbling experiences, where the film is made up of the real time moments immediately preceding Jobs taking the stage before an anxiously anticipatory public, before finally realizing all his dreams with the release of desktop iMac in 1998, each section shot differently on 16 mm, 35 mm, and high definition digital.  One of the more startling reactions after seeing this film is:  who the hell is Joanna Hoffmann (played astonishingly by Kate Winslet, who has to be among the frontrunners for Best Supporting Actress)?  She deserves a medal for simply putting up with this man all these years (and did apparently two years in a row at Apple in 1981 and 1982 when a satirical award was given to her as “the person who did the best job of standing up to” the boss), showing such an alarming degree of patience and professional reserve as his world class marketing executive, where she is the only other person in the room who has any idea how his mind works and feeds off it constantly while making sure all the meticulous preparations before the momentous events are in place. 

While not nearly the triumph of Aaron Sorkin’s earlier, more incisively written portrait of Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg in David Fincher’s The Social Network (2010), which felt more like a quick-witted, highly inventive film instead of a more standard biographical approach, part of the problem is the structure itself, as it is entirely comprised of smaller, behind-the scenes moments, and while often humorous and cleverly written, it does offer an opportunity to view Jobs in connection to the world around him, where he is continually portrayed as an overbearing, arrogantly pompous ringleader continually driving his own personal ambitions above all else, it also resembles similar territory explored by the Coen brothers in Inside Llewyn Davis (2012), taking particular interest in focusing upon a subject “prior to” a major cultural shift that changed the nation.  In each the center of attention happens to be a particularly loathsome individual whose damaging flaws potentially undermine their own creative ingenuity, yet in Walter Isaacson’s biography, Jobs is described as the “creative entrepreneur whose passion for perfection and ferocious drive revolutionized six industries: personal computers, animated movies, music, phones, tablet computing, and digital publishing.”  Almost lost is the fact that by the time the film begins, Jobs and his computer whiz high school friend Steve Wozniak (Seth Rogan) have already made millions by co-founding Apple in 1976, with Wozniak designing the products while Jobs was the clever snake oil salesman who pitched the first mass-produced personal computers, Apple I and Apple II, as the new wave of the future.  With the idea of breaking away on his own, the film suggests his competitive mean streak of denouncing those that helped him get where he is today is all part of his personally conniving yet sophisticated sales pitch to promote new ideas that have yet to be realized, but only because technology has not advanced that far yet, continually lagging behind the creative process, which is how Jobs distances himself from his old friend Wozniak, as despite the technological advances in leaps and bounds, it simply can’t keep up.     

Despite all the ballyhooed hype surrounding his product, holding others to a standard of perfection that he can’t remotely match himself, this film is like pulling back the curtain and exposing the wizard in THE WIZARD OF OZ (1939), where he’s revealed to be just a man.  In each case it’s quite a shock to the audience inevitably preferring all the razzle dazzle to the ordinariness of real life.  While Jobs is worth hundreds of millions of dollars, his ex-girlfriend and high school sweetheart Chrisann (Katherine Waterston) is forced to beg for money, literally going on welfare for his thoughtless refusal to pay child support for his out of wedlock child, where the man is humbled in so many ways (though without ever realizing it) by the sheer force of good will that comes from his daughter Lisa, who he refuses to recognize.  “I’m not your father,” he says on several occasions in front of Lisa, played by Makenzie Moss when she first hears it at the age of five.  Perhaps unintentionally, the smaller story about Lisa (played by three different actresses), who is present in each of the three launches depicted, is a much more compelling portrait than the larger surrounding drama of Jobs himself, despite another Herculean effort by Michael Fassbender, as she is the lesser developed but more vitally interesting subject in each instance as compared to the more ego-driven, madly out-of-control Frankenstein invention that is Jobs, where his human shortcomings are at the center of the picture, highlighted by his ongoing difficulties in taking a larger role in her life, where she turns out to be his Achilles heel.  Lisa actually has verve and personality and a burning desire to be loved and appreciated, while Jobs allows her to play with a now outdated interactive computer named after her called the Apple Lisa which she uses to impressively draw a picture, which remains one of the poignant moments of his entire life.  It is only after this minor victory, his invention succeeding with his own daughter while failing miserably on the technical front, with his latest design unable to say “Hello,” as advertised, where Jobs agrees to pay Chrisann whatever she needs.  Simultaneous to this little unplanned family visit, we’re witness to an overbearing Jobs bulling and browbeating his entire team with unreachable expectations, but no one worse than software architect Andy Hertzfeld (Michael Stuhlbarg) who can’t magically make it all happen, eventually implementing a plan of deception to fool the audience into believing that it works, even when it doesn’t.  Jobs rationalizes this sleight of hand is not really an ethics violation, convinced that by the time the product is released, “it will work.”    

After a long, drawn-out power struggle, Jobs is booted out of Apple the next year in 1985 under mysterious circumstances, where an obviously offended Jobs claims he was fired, while CEO John Sculley (Jeff Daniels), one of Jobs’ strongest supporters, has a different interpretation that we only learn later.  Once more, the next launch four years later is a computer touted as an educational product, even as it’s priced out of the reach of most colleges, which, of course, doesn’t work either, as the machine simply doesn’t perform yet what it’s designed to do, leaving Jobs in a precarious position as he’s about to introduce it before a filled-to-capacity opera house lined with voraciously interested teachers and students who believe in the hype.  Nonetheless, he’s in surprising good spirits, having brought over an entire team from Apple to help him with this new design, where Lisa is now nine (played by Ripley Sobo), mysteriously pulled out of school for the occasion where she’s seen wearing Walkman headphones.  Asked what she’s listening to, she indicates “Both Sides Now,” a “really old” Joni Mitchell song where her father can, surprisingly, recite the lyrics, where suddenly he doesn’t seem so distant, but only for the moment, as he rather infamously has it out with a highly perturbed Steve Wozniak who is himself being pushed out of the Jobs inner circle, labeled a betrayer who helped push Jobs out, where the two engage in a dysfunctional family drama hurling incendiary verbal barbs at one another in front of friends, coworkers and the press, where rumors are swirling suggesting Jobs may actually be back as the head of Apple, which has reached economic stagnation.  Still, Jobs is utterly speechless when his emotionally torn daughter gives him a big hug before she leaves, indicating “I want to live with you.”  Rather than the happy family reunion that some might have preferred, Jobs never really gave the idea a thought, instead he is emphatically anointed as the “chosen one,” returning as the CEO of a company on the verge of bankruptcy, needing the brilliance of his ideas to reshape and envision the future, where there is a clever use of flashback sequences to reimagine how it all began when they were long-haired kids hanging out in the garage, but now Jobs was more than happy to fill the bill, going on an unprecedented run of successes that are only hinted at in the film, like the iMac, iTunes, Apple Stores, the iPod, the iTunes Store, the iPhone, the App Store, and the iPad.  Still, he’s on the receiving end of an obviously angry tirade from his now 19-year old daughter (Perla Haney-Jardine) who has finally learned to reject him as the deadbeat dad he always was, but ever the consummate salesman, he promises to find a way to “put five hundred or a thousand songs in your pocket.” finally admitting that “I’m poorly made,” as if he’s little more than one of his own machines, luring her back into his good graces as he hears the thunderous sounds of the applause awaiting him as he magnanimously steps onto the stage into the resounding acclaim of the flashbulbs and bright lights, finally earning the adoration of a fickle public.